Isingeniso
I-Phloretin iyinhlanganisela yemvelo eye yathola ukunakwa okukhulu ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo zezempilo ezingaba khona. Ingokwesigaba sama-flavonoid, okuyizinhlanganisela zezitshalo ezaziwa ngezakhiwo zazo zokulwa ne-antioxidant nezokuqeda ukuvuvukala.
I-Phloretin ivame ukutholakala ezithelweni ezifana nama-apula, amapheya namagilebhisi. Yiwona owenza lezi zithelo zibe nsundu lapho zichayeka emoyeni. Ngakho-ke, ingatholakala kokubili ngemithombo yemvelo yokudla kanye nesengezo.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwaba nesithakazelo esikhulayo ezinzuzweni zezempilo ze-phloretin. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi ingaba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene emihle emzimbeni, okwenza kube inhlanganisela ethembisayo emkhakheni wezempilo nokuphila kahle.
Iyini i-Phloretin?
I-Phloretin, isakhi se-flavonoid, siyingxenye yeqembu lamakhemikhali ezitshalo ezivele ngokwemvelo aziwa ngezindawo zawo zokulwa ne-antioxidant. Itholakala ngokuyinhloko esikhumbeni sama-apula namapheya, kanye nasezimpandeni namagxolo ezitshalo ezithile. I-Phloretin iyi-dihydrochalcone, uhlobo lwe-phenol yemvelo. Ingatholakala futhi emaqabunga esihlahla sama-apula kanye nebhilikosi laseManchurian. I-Phloretin ithole ukunakwa kwamandla ayo ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ekunakekelweni kwesikhumba.
Izinzuzo Zezempilo Eziphezulu zePhloretin
A. Izakhiwo Ze-Antioxidant
Izakhiwo ze-Phloretin ze-antioxidant zisekelwa ubufakazi besayensi. Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-phloretin ibonisa umsebenzi onamandla we-antioxidant, okwazi ukuvikela amangqamuzana omzimba emonakalweni obangelwa ama-radicals mahhala. Ama-radicals wamahhala angama-molecule asebenza kakhulu angabangela ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, okuholela ezinkingeni eziningi zezempilo, kuhlanganise nokuguga kanye nezifo ezingapheli.
Lapho ama-radicals wamahhala enqwabelana emzimbeni, angahlasela izakhiwo ezibalulekile zamaselula njenge-DNA, lipids, namaprotheni. Lo monakalo we-oxidative ungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwamangqamuzana futhi ube nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, umdlavuza, nokuphazamiseka kwe-neurodegenerative.
I-Phloretin, nokho, isebenza njengesithako esinamandla sokungathathi hlangothi kwama-radicals mahhala, iwavimbele ukuthi angalimazi amangqamuzana omzimba. Ngokunciphisa ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, i-phloretin idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni impilo yamangqamuzana nokuvikela ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezingapheli.
B. Imithelela Eqeda Ukuvuvukala
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ngokungaguquki ukuthi i-phloretin inezakhiwo ezibalulekile zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Ukuvuvukala kuwukusabela kwemvelo kwamasosha omzimba ukuvikela umzimba ezintweni eziyingozi. Kodwa-ke, ukuvuvukala okungapheli kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nesifo samathambo kanye nesifo samathumbu esivuthayo.
I-Phloretin ivimbela ukukhiqizwa kwama-molecule avuthayo emzimbeni, okusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala okungapheli. Ngokulinganisa impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba kanye nokucindezela ukukhululwa kwabaxhumanisi be-pro-inflammatory, i-phloretin ingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu futhi inciphise ingozi yezimo ezingapheli zokuvuvukala.
C. Impilo Yesikhumba
I-Phloretin ithole ukunakwa okukhulu embonini ye-skincare ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo ezingaba khona esikhumbeni. Ucwaningo lwesayensi lusekela ukusetshenziswa kwe-phloretin ekuthuthukiseni impilo yesikhumba ngezindlela eziningi.
Okokuqala, i-phloretin isiza ukuvikela isikhumba emonakalweni obangelwa ukuchayeka elangeni nokungcola kwemvelo. Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet (UV) evela elangeni nezinto ezingcolisa imvelo ingabangela ingcindezi ye-oxidative futhi isheshise ukuguga kwesikhumba. I-Phloretin isebenza njengesihlangu, inciphisa imiphumela eyingozi yemisebe ye-UV kanye nokungcola kwemvelo esikhumbeni.
Ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zayo zokuzivikela, i-phloretin itholakale ikhanyisa ibala futhi inciphise i-hyperpigmentation. Ngokuvimbela ama-enzyme athile ahilelekile ekukhiqizeni i-melanin, i-phloretin ingasiza ekuqedeni amabala amnyama futhi idale ithoni yesikhumba elinganayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ze-phloretin ze-antioxidant zinomthelela emiphumeleni yayo yokulwa nokuguga. Ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kuyisici esikhulu ekuthuthukiseni imibimbi nemigqa emihle. Ngokunciphisa ama-radicals mahhala nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, i-phloretin isiza ukunciphisa ukubukeka kwezimpawu zokuguga, okuholela esikhumbeni esibushelelezi, esibukeka sisemusha.
D. Ukulawulwa Kwesisindo
Ucwaningo olusafufusa lubonisa ukuthi i-phloretin ingase ibe nezinzuzo ezingase zibe khona ekulawuleni isisindo. Olunye ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-phloretin ingalawula i-glucose ne-lipid metabolism, izinqubo ezimbili ezibalulekile zokugcina isisindo esinempilo.
I-Phloretin itholakale ithuthukisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin, okwenza amangqamuzana akwazi ukuthatha kahle i-glucose egazini. Ngokuthuthukisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin, i-phloretin ingasiza ekulawuleni amazinga kashukela egazini futhi ivimbele ukunqwabelana kwamafutha amaningi.
Ukwengeza, i-phloretin iboniswe ukunciphisa ukuqoqwa kwamafutha ngokuvimbela ama-enzyme ahilelekile ekuhlanganiseni kwamafutha kanye nokukhuthaza ukuwohloka kwamafutha. Le miphumela ingase ibe nomthelela ekwehleni kwesisindo nokwakhiwa komzimba okuthuthukisiwe.
Nakuba ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele izindlela kanye nemiphumela ye-phloretin ekulawuleni isisindo, ubufakazi obukhona bubonisa ukuthi bunamandla okusiza ekugcineni isisindo esinempilo.
Ekuphetheni,I-phloretin inikeza uchungechunge lwezinzuzo zezempilo ezisekelwa ubufakazi besayensi. Izakhiwo zayo ze-antioxidant zivikela amangqamuzana emonakalweni, imiphumela yawo yokulwa nokuvuvukala isiza ukunciphisa ingozi yezimo ezingapheli zokuvuvukala, futhi inikeza izinzuzo eziningi empilweni yesikhumba. Ukwengeza, ucwaningo lokuqala lubonisa ukuthi i-phloretin ingaba nendima ekulawuleni isisindo. Ukufaka i-phloretin ezinhlelweni zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba noma ukuyisebenzise njengesithasiselo sokudla kungase kunikeze izinzuzo ezibalulekile zenhlalakahle yonke.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Phloretin
A. Isengezo Sokudla
I-Phloretin ayitholakali kuphela ezithelweni ezifana nama-apula, amapheya, nama-cherry kodwa futhi iyatholakala njengesengezo sokudla ngendlela yamaphilisi noma izimpushana. Ubufakazi besayensi bezinto ze-phloretin ze-antioxidant buqinile. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ku-Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry luthole ukuthi i-phloretin ikhombisa umsebenzi onamandla wokulwa ne-antioxidant, eqeda amandla ama-radicals ayingozi emzimbeni (Kessler et al., 2003). Ngokunciphisa ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, i-phloretin ingasiza ukuvikela amangqamuzana emonakalweni futhi isekele impilo nempilo yonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-phloretin ihlotshaniswa nezinzuzo zokulwa nokuguga. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe kumagazini i-Planta Medica lubonise ukuthi i-phloretin ivimbela i-collagenase, i-enzyme ebangela ukuwohloka kwe-collagen. I-Collagen ibalulekile ekugcineni ukunwebeka kwesikhumba nokuqina. Ngokugcina i-collagen, i-phloretin ingaba nomthelela ekubukekeni kobusha futhi okunempilo (Walter et al., 2010). Lokhu okutholakele kusekela izimangalo zokumaketha ze-phloretin njengesengezo sokudla sokulwa nokuguga.
B. Imikhiqizo Yesikhumba
Izinzuzo ezingaba khona ze-Phloretin zidlulela ngale kokusetshenziswa kwayo njengesithasiselo sokudla. Isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene ye-skincare, kufaka phakathi ama-serum, okhilimu, nama-lotions. Ubufakazi besayensi obusekela indima ye-phloretin ekunakekeleni isikhumba buyaphoqa.
Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko ze-phloretin ekusebenzeni kwe-skincare yikhono layo lokulwa nokulimala kwe-oxidative. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ku-Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: I-Biology ibonisa ukuthi i-phloretin ivikela amangqamuzana esikhumba emonakalweni obangelwa izinhlobo ze-oxygen esebenzayo, ngokuphumelelayo ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvimbela ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi (Shih et al., 2009). Ngokuqeda ama-radicals mahhala, i-phloretin isiza ukugcina ibala elinempilo nelincane kakhulu.
I-phloretin ayigcini nje ngokuvikela isikhumba emonakalweni we-oxidative, kodwa futhi ibonisa izakhiwo ezikhanyisa isikhumba. Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology lwembula ukuthi i-phloretin ivimbela i-tyrosinase, i-enzyme ehilelekile ekukhiqizeni i-melanin. Ngokunciphisa i-melanin synthesis, i-phloretin ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukubukeka kwamabala amnyama kanye nethoni yesikhumba engalingani, okuholela ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo (Nebus et al., 2011).
Ukwengeza, i-phloretin ibonise ukusebenza kahle ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu zokuguga. Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi-International Journal of Cosmetic Science lwathola ukuthi i-phloretin ivuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen futhi ivimbele i-matrix metalloproteinase, ama-enzyme anesibopho sokuwohloka kwe-collagen. Lesi senzo esikabili sikhuthaza isikhumba esiqinile ngemigqa emihle nemibimbi encishisiwe (u-Adil et al., 2017).
Ukufaka i-phloretin emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba kungase kusebenzise lezi zinzuzo ezifakazelwe ngokwesayensi, kube nomthelela esikhumbeni esinempilo, esikhanyayo, nesibukeka sisebasha. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ucwaningo olwengeziwe lusadingeka ukuqonda ngokugcwele izindlela kanye nemiphumela yesikhathi eside ye-phloretin ekunakekeleni isikhumba.
Ungayifaka Kanjani I-Phloretin Kuhlelo Lwakho Lokunakekelwa Kwesikhumba
I-Phloretin ingafakwa ohlelweni lwakho lokunakekelwa kwesikhumba ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwandisa izinzuzo zayo esikhumbeni. Izifundo zesayensi zincoma lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
Hlanza:Qala ngokuhlanza ubuso bakho usebenzisa isicoci esithambile esilungele uhlobo lwesikhumba sakho. Lokhu kusiza ukususa ukungcola, uwoyela, nokungcola, kulungiselelwa isikhumba ukuze simunce i-phloretin.
Ithoni:Ngemuva kokuhlanza, sebenzisa i-toner ukulinganisa amazinga e-pH esikhumba futhi uthuthukise ukwamukela kwayo izithako ezisebenzayo ezikhona ku-phloretin. Bheka i-toner engenatshwala futhi equkethe okukhishwe kwezitshalo okupholisayo.
Sebenzisa i-Phloretin Serum:Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufaka i-phloretin esimisweni sakho ukusebenzisa i-serum equkethe i-phloretin ephezulu. Lokhu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa okuqondile nokuhlosiwe esikhumbeni. Thatha amaconsi ambalwa e-serum bese uyigcoba ngobumnene ebusweni, entanyeni, nase-décolletage, uqinisekisa ukusabalaliswa okulinganayo.
Moisturize:Landela nge-moisturizer ukuze uvale izinzuzo ze-phloretin futhi unikeze ukugeleza kwamanzi okwanele esikhumbeni. Bheka okokuthambisa okungasindi, okungeyona i-comedogenic, futhi elungele uhlobo lwesikhumba sakho.
Ukuvikelwa kwelanga:Ukuze kuthuthukiswe imiphumela yokuvikela ye-phloretin emonakalweni we-UV, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isikrini selanga esibanzi esine-SPF ephezulu. Faka isicelo ngesandla esivulekile futhi uphinde usebenzise njalo ngemva kwamahora amabili, ikakhulukazi uma ubekwe elangeni eliqondile.
Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, ungafaka i-phloretin ohlelweni lwakho lokunakekelwa kwesikhumba ngempumelelo, uqinisekisa ukumuncwa okuphezulu nokusebenza ngempumelelo. Ukungaguquguquki kuyisihluthulelo, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa imikhiqizo esekwe kwi-phloretin ngokungaguquki ukuze uthole ukuthuthuka okubonakalayo ekubukekeni nempilo yesikhumba sakho.
Imiphumela Engenzeka Engase ibe khona kanye nezinyathelo zokuqapha zokusebenzisa i-Phloretin
Nakuba i-phloretin ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile, kubalulekile ukuqaphela imiphumela emibi engase ibe khona futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo lapho uyisebenzisa ohlelweni lwakho lokunakekela isikhumba. Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu bangase babe nalokhu okulandelayo:
Ukuzwela Kwesikhumba:Kwezinye izimo, i-phloretin ingase ibangele ukuzwela kwesikhumba okuncane, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesikhumba esibucayi kakhulu. Uma uhlangabezana nokubomvu, ukucasuka, noma ukungakhululeki ngemva kokufaka i-phloretin, yeka ukusebenzisa futhi uthintane nodokotela wesikhumba.
I-Alergic:Nakuba kungavamile, ukusabela okweqile ku-phloretin kungenzeka kubantu abazwelayo. Lokhu kungase kubonakale njengokuluma, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuqubuka. Kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-patch ngaphambi kokufaka i-phloretin ebusweni bakho ukuze uhlole noma yikuphi ukusabela okubi.
Ukuzwela Ilanga:Uma usebenzisa i-phloretin, kubalulekile ukufaka i-sunscreen njalo, ngoba ingase ikhulise ukuzwela kwesikhumba ekukhanyeni kwelanga. I-Phloretin ivikela emonakalweni we-UV kodwa ayithathi indawo yesidingo sokuvikela ilanga okufanele.
Ukuze unciphise ingozi yemiphumela emibi, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi futhi usebenzise imikhiqizo esekelwe ku-phloretin njengoba kunconywa. Uma unezinye izimo zesikhumba ezicashile noma izinto ezikukhathazayo, kuyatuseka ukubonana nodokotela wesikhumba ngaphambi kokufaka i-phloretin ohlelweni lwakho lokunakekela isikhumba.
I-Phloretin vs. Amanye Ama-Antioxidants: Ukuhlaziywa Okuqhathanisayo
I-Phloretin ithole ukuqashelwa njenge-antioxidant enamandla, kodwa iqhathaniswa kanjani namanye ama-antioxidants avame ukutholakala emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba? Ake sihlole ukuhlaziya okuqhathanisayo:
I-Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid):Kokubili i-phloretin ne-vitamin C ibonisa imiphumela enamandla ye-antioxidant, ivikela isikhumba emonakalweni wama-radical wamahhala. Kodwa-ke, i-phloretin ikhombisa ukuzinza okuthuthukisiwe uma iqhathaniswa ne-ascorbic acid, iyenza ingatholakali kalula i-oxidation kanye nokuwohloka. Lokhu kuqinisekisa impilo yeshalofu ende kanye nokusebenza okuthe xaxa emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba esekwe yi-phloretin.
I-Vitamin E (i-Tocopherol):Ngokufanayo ne-phloretin, i-vitamin E iyi-antioxidant enamandla esusa ama-radicals mahhala futhi ivikela ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative. Inhlanganisela ye-phloretin ne-vitamin E inganikeza imiphumela ye-synergistic, inikeza ukuvikelwa okunamandla okulwa ne-antioxidant kanye nokuqina okwandayo.
I-Resveratrol:I-Resveratrol, etholakala kumagilebhisi nezinye izitshalo, yaziwa ngezindawo zayo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-anti-inflammatory. Nakuba kokubili i-phloretin ne-resveratrol inemiphumela yokulwa ne-antioxidant efanayo, i-phloretin inikeza izinzuzo ezengeziwe ezifana nokukhanya kwesikhumba nokuvikelwa kwe-UV, okuyenza ibe isithako esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi ekwakhiweni kokunakekelwa kwesikhumba.
Isizinda Setiye Elihlaza:Ukukhishwa kwetiye elihlaza kucebile kuma-polyphenols, anezinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant. I-Phloretin, uma ihlanganiswa ne-green tea extract, ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-antioxidant, inikeze ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kuma-radicals mahhala futhi ikhuthaze isikhumba esinempilo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-antioxidants ahlukene angaphelelisana, okuholela emiphumeleni ye-synergistic kanye nokuvikelwa okuthuthukisiwe ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative. Ngokufaka inhlanganisela yama-antioxidant, okuhlanganisa i-phloretin, ohlelweni lwakho lokunakekelwa kwesikhumba, ungazuza esivikeloni esibanzi se-antioxidant, esilwa nezimpawu zokuguga, futhi sikhuthaze impilo yesikhumba iyonke.
Lapho Ungayithenga I-Phloretin: Umhlahlandlela Wakho Wokugcina Wokuthenga
Uma ufuna ukuthenga imikhiqizo ye-skincare esekwe ku-phloretin, nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile namathiphu okuthenga:
Ucwaningo lwemikhiqizo ehlonishwayo:Bheka amabhrendi e-skincare aziwayo aziwa ngokuzibophezela kwawo kwikhwalithi nokusetshenziswa kwezithako ezisekelwe ngokwesayensi. Yenza ucwaningo olunzulu ukuze uqinisekise ukwethembeka nesithunzi somkhiqizo phakathi kwabathandi be-skincare.
Funda Amalebula Omkhiqizo:Hlola uhlu lwezithako zemikhiqizo ye-skincare oyicabangayo ukuze uqinisekise ubukhona nokugcwala kwe-phloretin. Bheka imikhiqizo equkethe inani elikhulu le-phloretin ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu.
Funa Iseluleko Sochwepheshe:Uma ungaqiniseki ngokuthi imuphi umkhiqizo we-phloretin ongawukhetha, thintana nodokotela wesikhumba noma uchwepheshe we-skincare. Bangancoma imikhiqizo ethile ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwesikhumba sakho, okukukhathazayo, nemiphumela oyifunayo.
Funda Ukubuyekezwa Kwekhasimende:Thatha isikhathi sokufunda izibuyekezo ezivela kumakhasimende asebenzise imikhiqizo esekwe ku-phloretin. Lezi zibuyekezo zinganikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ekusebenzeni, ukufaneleka, kanye nolwazi oluphelele ngomkhiqizo.
Ukuthenga Kubathengisi Abagunyaziwe:Ukuze uqinisekise ubuqiniso nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-phloretin, thenga ngokuqondile kubathengisi abagunyaziwe noma iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomkhiqizo. Gwema ukuthenga emithonjeni engagunyaziwe ukuze unciphise ubungozi bemikhiqizo yomgunyathi noma ehlanjululwe.
Ngokulandela lawa macebiso, ungazulazula ngenqubo yokuthenga futhi uthole imithombo ethembekile yemikhiqizo ye-skincare esekelwe ku-phloretin yekhwalithi ephezulu, uqinisekisa ukuthi uthola imikhiqizo yangempela eletha izinzuzo ozifisayo esikhumbeni sakho.
I-Phloretin Powder Manufacturer-Bioway Organic, Kusukela ngo-2009
I-Bioway Organic yaziwa ngobungcweti namava ayo ekukhiqizeni i-phloretin powder yekhwalithi ephezulu.
I-Phloretin powder iyisithako esibalulekile esisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izithasiselo zokudla kanye nemikhiqizo ye-skincare. Njengomkhiqizi onedumela elihle, i-Bioway Organic iqinisekisa ukuthi impushana yabo ye-phloretin ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziseqophelweni eliphezulu futhi ithobela izindinganiso eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi.
Ukuzibophezela kwe-Bioway Organic ezindleleni zokukhiqiza kuyenza ibe umthombo onokwethenjelwa kumakhasimende afuna izithako zemvelo nezilungele imvelo. Ngokubeka phambili imikhuba ye-organic, balwela ukuletha i-phloretin powder engenawo amakhemikhali ayingozi nezibulala-zinambuzane, iqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka nokuphepha kwemikhiqizo yabo.
Ngesipiliyoni seminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, i-Bioway Organic isizisungule njengomphakeli othembekile embonini. Ukugxila kwabo okuqhubekayo ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kubenza bakwazi ukuhlala behamba phambili ekukhiqizeni i-phloretin powder, banikeze izixazululo ezintsha zokuhlangabezana nezidingo eziguqukayo zamakhasimende abo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumkhiqizi wezithako zokudla noma uhlobo lomkhiqizo we-skincare, ubambisene ne-Bioway Organic njengoba umkhiqizi wakho wempushana we-phloretin angakunikeza isiqiniseko semikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu, esekelwe iminyaka yayo yobungcweti nokuzinikela ekwanelisekeni kwamakhasimende.
Xhumana nathi:
U-Grace HU (Umphathi Wezokukhangisa):grace@biowaycn.com
UCarl Cheng (Umphathi Omkhulu/Umphathi):ceo@biowaycn.com
Iwebhusayithi:www.biowaynutrition.com
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-20-2023
