I-Theaflavins (TFs)futhiI-Thearubigins (TRs)amaqembu amabili ahlukene enhlanganisela ye-polyphenolic etholakala etiyeni elimnyama, ngalinye linamakhemikhali ahlukile kanye nezakhiwo.Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlanganisela kubalulekile ekuqondeni iminikelo yazo ngayinye ezicini nasezinzuzweni zezempilo zetiye elimnyama.Lesi sihloko sihlose ukunikeza ukuhlola okuphelele kokungafani phakathi kwe-Theaflavins ne-Thearubigins, okusekelwa ubufakazi obuvela ocwaningweni olufanele.
I-Theaflavins kanye ne-thearubigins womabili ama-flavonoid afaka umbala, ukunambitheka, nomzimba wetiye.Ama-Theaflavin anombala osawolintshi noma abomvu, kanti ama-thearubigin anombala obomvu-nsundu.Ama-Theaflavin ama-flavonoid okuqala avela ngesikhathi se-oxidation, kanti ama-thearubigins avela kamuva.Ama-theaflavin aneqhaza ekunciphiseni, ekukhanyeni nasekukhanyeni kwetiye, kuyilapho ama-thearubigin enomthelela emandleni nasekuzweni kwalo emlonyeni.
I-Theaflavins ikilasi lezinhlanganisela ze-polyphenolic ezinomthelela embala, ukunambitheka, kanye nezakhiwo ezikhuthaza impilo zetiye elimnyama.Akhiwa ngokusebenzisa i-oxidative dimerization yamacatechin ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa kwamaqabunga etiye.Ama-Theaflavin aziwa ngemiphumela yawo elwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant, exhunyaniswe nezinzuzo zezempilo ezahlukahlukene, okubandakanya ukuvikelwa kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, izakhiwo zokulwa nomdlavuza, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yokulwa nokuguga.
Ngokolunye uhlangothi,Thearubiginsyizinhlanganisela ezinkulu ze-polyphenolic ezibuye zithathwe ku-oxidation yetiye polyphenols ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa kwamaqabunga etiye.Banesibopho sombala obomvu ocebile kanye ne-flavour yesici yetiye elimnyama.I-Thearubigins ihlotshaniswe ne-antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela isikhumba, okuyenza ibe isihloko esithakaselwayo emkhakheni wokulwa nokuguga nokunakekelwa kwesikhumba.
Ngamakhemikhali, ama-Theaflavins ahlukile kuma-Thearubigins ngokuya ngesakhiwo samangqamuzana awo kanye nokwakheka kwawo.I-Theaflavins iyinhlanganisela ye-dimeric, okusho ukuthi inhlanganisela yamayunithi amabili amancane iyawakha, kuyilapho ama-Thearubigins amakhompawundi amakhulu e-polymeric abangelwa ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization yama-flavonoid ahlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa kwetiye.Lokhu kungafani kwesakhiwo kunomthelela emisebenzini yazo ehlukene yebhayoloji kanye nemithelela yezempilo engaba khona.
| I-Theaflavins | Thearubigins | |
| Umbala | Owolintshi noma obomvu | Okubomvu-nsundu |
| Umnikelo wetiye | I-Astringency, ukukhanya, nokugqama | Amandla nokuzwa komlomo |
| Isakhiwo samakhemikhali | Kuchazwe kahle | Okungafani futhi akwaziwa |
| Iphesenti lesisindo esomile etiyeni elimnyama | 1–6% | 10–20% |
I-Theaflavins yiqembu eliyinhloko lezinhlanganisela ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlola izinga letiye elimnyama.Isilinganiso se-theaflavin ne-thearubigins (TF:TR) kufanele sibe ngu-1:10 kuye ku-1:12 ngetiye elimnyama lekhwalithi ephezulu.Isikhathi sokuvutshelwa siyisici esikhulu ekugcineni isilinganiso se-TF:TR.
I-Theaflavins kanye ne-thearubigins yimikhiqizo eyisici eyakhiwe ngamacatechin ngesikhathi se-enzymatic oxidation yetiye ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.I-Theaflavins inika umbala osawolintshi noma obomvu-owolintshi etiyeni futhi inomthelela ekuzweleni komlomo kanye nezinga lokwakheka kokhilimu.Ziyinhlanganisela ye-dimeric ene-benzotropolone skeleton eyakhiwe kusukela ku-co-oxidation yamapheya akhethiwe ama-catechin.I-oxidation yeringi engu-B ye-(−)-epigallocatechin noma (−)-epigallocatechin gallate ilandelwa ukulahlekelwa yi-CO2 kanye nokuhlangana ngesikhathi esisodwa nendandatho engu-B ye-(−)-epicatechin noma (-)-epicatechin gallate molecule (Umfanekiso 122. ).Ama-theaflavin amane amakhulu akhonjwe etiyeni elimnyama: i-theaflavin, i-theaflavin-3-monogallate, i-theaflavin-3'-monogallate, ne-theaflavin-3,3′-digallate.Ukwengeza, ama-stereoisomers awo kanye nokuphuma kwayo kungaba khona.Muva nje, ukuba khona kwe-theaflavin trigallate kanye ne-tetragallate etiyeni elimnyama kubikiwe (Chen et al., 2012).I-theaflavins ingabuye ifakwe i-oxidized.Cishe futhi zingamanduleli wokwakheka kwe-polymeric thearubigins.Nokho, indlela yokusabela akwaziwa kuze kube manje.Ama-Thearubigins ama-pigments ansundu ngokubomvu noma ansundu ngokumnyama etiyeni elimnyama, okuqukethwe kwawo kufinyelela ku-60% wesisindo esomile sokumnika itiye.
Mayelana nezinzuzo zezempilo, ama-Theaflavins acutshungulwe kabanzi ngendima yawo engaba khona ekukhuthazeni impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.Ucwaningo luye lwaphakamisa ukuthi i-Theaflavins ingasiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-cholesterol, ithuthukise ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi, futhi ibe nemiphumela elwa nokuvuvukala, konke okuyinzuzo empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.Ukwengeza, i-Theaflavins ibonise amandla okuvimbela ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi ingaba nezakhiwo zokulwa nesifo sikashukela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Thearubigins ihlotshaniswe nemiphumela ye-antioxidant ne-anti-inflammatory, ebalulekile ekulweni nokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative nokuvuvukala emzimbeni.Lezi zakhiwo zingase zibe nomthelela emiphumeleni engase ibe khona yokulwa nokuguga kanye neyokuvikela isikhumba ye-Thearubigins, iyenze ibe isihloko esithakaselwayo ekunakekeleni isikhumba kanye nocwaningo oluhlobene nobudala.
Sengiphetha, ama-Theaflavin kanye ne-Thearubigins ayizinhlanganisela ze-polyphenolic ezihlukile ezitholakala etiyeni elimnyama, ngayinye enamakhemikhali ahlukile kanye nezinzuzo zezempilo ezingaba khona.Nakuba i-Theaflavins ihlotshaniswe nempilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, izakhiwo zokulwa nomdlavuza, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yokulwa nesifo sikashukela, i-Thearubigins ihlotshaniswe ne-antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela isikhumba, okubenza babe isihloko sesithakazelo ekunqandeni ukuguga nokunakekelwa kwesikhumba. ucwaningo.
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Khan N, Mukhtar H. Tea polyphenols zokukhuthazwa kwezempilo.Impilo Sci.2007;81(7):519-533.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-11-2024
