Ama-Theaflavin (ama-TF)futhiAma-Thearubigin (ama-TR)Amaqoqo amabili ahlukene amakhemikhali e-polyphenolic atholakala etiyeni elimnyama, ngalinye linezakhi zamakhemikhali ezihlukile kanye nezakhiwo zalo. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwala makhemikhali kubalulekile ekuqondeni iminikelo yawo ngayinye ezicini nasezinzuzweni zezempilo zetiye elimnyama. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukunikeza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokungafani phakathi kwamaTheaflavin namaThearubigin, okusekelwa ubufakazi obuvela ocwaningweni olufanele.
Ama-theaflavin nama-thearubigin womabili angama-flavonoid afaka isandla embala, ukunambitheka, kanye nomzimba wetiye.Ama-theaflavins anombala ophuzi noma obomvu, kanti ama-thearubigins anombala obomvu onsunduAma-theaflavin angama-flavonoid okuqala ukuvela ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwe-oxidation, kuyilapho ama-thearubigin ephuma kamuva. Ama-theaflavin anegalelo ekuqineni kwetiye, ekukhanyeni nasekukhanyeni kwalo, kuyilapho ama-thearubigin enegalelo emandleni alo nasekuzwakaleni komlomo.
Ama-Theaflavin ayiqembu lama-polyphenolic compounds afaka isandla kumbala, ukunambitheka, kanye nezakhiwo zokuthuthukisa impilo zetiye elimnyama. Akhiwa ngokushintshwa kwe-oxidative kwama-catechin ngesikhathi senqubo yokubilisa amaqabunga etiye. Ama-Theaflavin aziwa ngemiphumela yawo yokulwa nama-antioxidant kanye nokulwa nokuvuvukala, okuye kwaxhunyaniswa nezinzuzo ezahlukahlukene zezempilo, okuhlanganisa ukuvikelwa kwenhliziyo, izakhiwo zokulwa nomdlavuza, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yokulwa nokuguga.
Ngokolunye uhlangothi,Ama-Thearubiginyizinhlanganisela ezinkulu ze-polyphenolic ezitholakala ekushisweni kwama-polyphenols etiye ngesikhathi sokubiliswa kwamaqabunga etiye. Zibangela umbala obomvu ocebile kanye nokunambitheka okuphawulekayo kwetiye elimnyama. Ama-Thearubigins ahlotshaniswa nezakhiwo ze-antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, kanye ne-ejenti yokuvikela isikhumba, okwenza kube yindaba ethakazelisayo emkhakheni wokulwa nokuguga kanye nokunakekelwa kwesikhumba.
Ngokwekhemikhali, ama-Theaflavin ahlukile kuma-Thearubigin ngokwesakhiwo sawo sama-molecule kanye nokwakheka kwawo. Ama-Theaflavin angama-dimeric compounds, okusho ukuthi inhlanganisela yamayunithi amabili amancane ayakha, kuyilapho ama-Thearubigins engama-polymeric compounds amakhulu avela ekupholiseni kwama-flavonoid ahlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokubiliswa kwetiye. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwesakhiwo kunegalelo emisebenzini yawo ehlukene yezinto eziphilayo kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yezempilo.
| Ama-Theaflavin | Ama-Thearubigin | |
| Umbala | I-orenji noma obomvu | Obomvu-onsundu |
| Umnikelo etiyeni | Ukuqina, ukukhanya, kanye nokugqama | Amandla kanye nokuzwakala komlomo |
| Isakhiwo samakhemikhali | Kuchazwe kahle | Okungajwayelekile futhi okungaziwa |
| Amaphesenti esisindo esomile etiyeni elimnyama | 1–6% | 10–20% |
Ama-theaflavin ayiqembu eliyinhloko lamakhemikhali asetshenziswa ukuhlola ikhwalithi yetiye elimnyama. Isilinganiso sama-theaflavins kuma-thearubigins (TF:TR) kufanele sibe ngu-1:10 kuya ku-1:12 kwitiye elimnyama elisezingeni eliphezulu. Isikhathi sokubilisa siyisici esibalulekile ekugcineni isilinganiso se-TF:TR.
Ama-Theaflavin nama-thearubigin ayimikhiqizo ephawulekayo eyakhiwe ngama-catechins ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwetiye nge-enzyme ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Ama-Theaflavin anikeza itiye umbala ophuzi noma obomvu ophuzi futhi anegalelo ekuzizweni komlomo kanye nokwakheka kokhilimu. Angama-compound e-dimeric anesikele se-benzotropolone esakhiwe kusukela ekushisweni kwe-co-oxidation kwama-catechins akhethiwe. Ukushiswa kwendandatho ye-B ye-(−)-epigallocatechin noma (−)-epigallocatechin gallate kulandelwa ukulahleka kwe-CO2 kanye nokuhlanganiswa ngasikhathi sinye nendandatho ye-B ye-(−)-epicatechin noma (−)-epicatechin gallate molecule (Isithombe 12.2). Ama-theaflavin amane amakhulu atholakale etiyeni elimnyama: i-theaflavin, i-theaflavin-3-monogallate, i-theaflavin-3′-monogallate, kanye ne-theaflavin-3,3′-digallate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-stereoisomers nama-derivatives awo angaba khona. Muva nje, kubikwa ukuthi kukhona i-theaflavin trigallate kanye ne-tetragallate etiyeni elimnyama (Chen et al., 2012). Ama-theaflavin angaphinde ancibilikiswe. Kungenzeka ukuthi nawo ayizimbangela zokwakheka kwama-polymeric thearubigins. Kodwa-ke, indlela yokusabela ayaziwa kuze kube manje. Ama-Thearubigins angama-pigment abomvu-onsundu noma ansundu-onsundu etiyeni elimnyama, okuqukethwe kwawo kubiza kufika ku-60% wesisindo esomile sokufakwa kwetiye.
Ngokuphathelene nezinzuzo zezempilo, ama-Theaflavin afundwe kabanzi ngendima yawo engaba khona ekukhuthazeni impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ucwaningo luphakamise ukuthi ama-Theaflavin angasiza ekunciphiseni amazinga e-cholesterol, athuthukise ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi, futhi abe nemiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala, konke okuzuzisa impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-Theaflavin abonise amandla okuvimbela ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza futhi angaba nezakhiwo zokulwa nesifo sikashukela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-Thearubigins ahlotshaniswa nemiphumela yokulwa nama-antioxidant kanye nokulwa nokuvuvukala, okubalulekile ekulweni nokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kanye nokuvuvukala emzimbeni. Lezi zakhiwo zingase zibe negalelo emiphumeleni engaba khona yokulwa nokuguga kanye nokuvikela isikhumba yama-Thearubigins, okwenza abe yindaba ethakazelisayo ekunakekelweni kwesikhumba kanye nocwaningo oluhlobene nobudala.
Ekuphetheni, ama-Theaflavin nama-Thearubigins angama-polyphenolic compounds ahlukile atholakala etiyeni elimnyama, ngalinye linezakhi zamakhemikhali ezihlukile kanye nezinzuzo ezingaba khona zempilo. Ngenkathi ama-Theaflavins ehlotshaniswa nempilo yenhliziyo, izakhiwo zokulwa nomdlavuza, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yokulwa nesifo sikashukela, ama-Thearubigins ahlotshaniswa nezakhiwo zokulwa ne-antioxidant, zokulwa nokuvuvukala, kanye nokuvikela isikhumba, okwenza kube yindaba ethakazelisayo ocwaningweni lokulwa nokuguga kanye nokunakekelwa kwesikhumba.
Izinkomba:
UHamilton-Miller JM. Izakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane zetiye (Camellia sinensis L.). Ama-Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995;39(11):2375-2377.
Khan N, Mukhtar H. Ama-polyphenol etiye okukhuthaza impilo. Life Sci. 2007;81(7):519-533.
UMandel S, uYoudim MB. Ama-polyphenol e-Catechin: ukonakala kwemizwa kanye nokuvikelwa kwemizwa ezifweni eziwohlokayo zemizwa. I-Free Radic Biol Med. 2004;37(3):304-17.
UJochmann N, uBaumann G, uStangl V. Itiye eliluhlaza kanye nesifo senhliziyo: kusukela ezinhlosweni zama-molecule kuya empilweni yabantu. I-Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2008;11(6):758-765.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-11-2024
