Yini i-anthocyanin?

Imvelo yama-anthocyanins
Ama-anthocyanins angabesigaba sezinhlanganisela ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-flavonoids, alohlobo lwe-polyphenol. Bangamabala ancibilikayo amanzi atholakala ezinsizeni zamaseli ezitshalo. Umbala wama-anthocyanins uhlukahluka ngokuya nge-PH yemvelo, enemibala ebomvu evela ezimweni ze-acidic kanye nemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezimeni ze-alkali. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele senza ama-anthocyanins abaluleke njengezinkomba zemvelo ze-PH.
Ama-anthocyanins akhiwa ngesakhiwo esiyisisekelo esibizwa nge-anthocyanidin, esinamathiselwe ku-molecule eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kashukela. Ama-anthocyanidion ajwayelekile afaka i-Cyanidin, i-delphiinin, i-pelargonidin, i-peonidin, iPeninidin, neMalvidin. Lawa ma-anthocyanididid angatholakala ezinhlanganweni ezahlukahlukene nasekulinganisweni kwemithombo yezitshalo ehlukene, okuholela ezinhlobonhlobo zemibala namakhemikhali.

Imithombo yama-anthocyanins
Ama-anthocyanins asatshalaliswa kabanzi emvelweni futhi atholakala ezithelo eziningi, imifino nezimbali. Eminye yemithombo ecebe kakhulu yama-anthocyanins ifaka amajikijolo anjenge-blueberries, amajikijolo, ama-raspberries, kanye nama-sitrobheli. Ezinye izithelo ezinjengama-cherries, amagilebhisi, nama-plums aqukethe amanani aphansi ama-anthocyanins. Ngaphezu kwezithelo, imifino enjengeklabishi ebomvu, u-anyanisi obomvu, kanye nama-eggplant kuyimithombo emihle yale mibala.
Umbala wezimbali, ikakhulukazi emikhunjini ebomvu, onsomi, onsomi, uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuvame ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-anthocyanins. Izibonelo zezimbali ezicebile kuma-anthocyanins zibandakanya ama-roses, ama-pansies kanye ne-petunias. Ukwehlukahlukana kwemithombo yezitshalo equkethe ama-anthocyanins kuhlinzeka ngamathuba amaningi okufaka lezi zinhlanganisela ekudleni komuntu.

Izinzuzo zezempilo zama-anthocyanins
Ama-anthocyanins abe yisihloko socwaningo olunzulu ngenxa yezinzuzo zabo zezempilo ezingaba khona. Lezi zinhlanganisela zinezakhiwo ezinamandla ze-antioxidant, ezisiza ukuvikela amaseli kumonakalo oxidative monated kubangelwa ama-radicals wamahhala. Ukuxineka nge-oxidative kuhlotshaniswe nezifo ezahlukahlukene ezingamahlalakhona, kufaka phakathi umdlavuza, izifo zenhliziyo, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-neurodegenerative. Ngokunciphisa ama-radicals wamahhala, ama-anthocyanins anikela ekuvinjelweni kwalezi zifo.
Ngaphezu kwemiphumela yabo ye-antioxidant, ama-anthocyanins akhonjiswe ukuthi anezakhiwo zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kuyinto evamile eyisisekelo ezifweni eziningi, kanye nekhono lama-anthocyanins ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kungaba nomthelela omuhle empilweni yonke. Ucwaningo luphinde lwaphakamisa ukuthi ama-anthocyanins angasekela impilo yenhliziyo ngokwenza ngcono umsebenzi womkhumbi wegazi futhi anciphise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-anthocyanins ahlotshaniswe nomsebenzi othuthukisiwe wokuqonda kanye nempilo yobuchopho. Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi lezi zinhlanganisela zingasiza ukuvikela ukwehla okuhlobene nobudala kanye nezifo ze-neurodegenerative ezinjenge-Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Imiphumela engaba khona ye-inthauroptatic yama-anthocyanins ibenze babe yindawo ethokozisayo yokufunda kokuvimbela kanye nokuphathwa kwezifo zezinzwa.

Izicelo ezingaba khona zama-anthocyanins
Izinzuzo zezempilo zama-anthocyanins ziholele ekufakweni kwazo ekudleni okuhlukahlukene kanye nemikhiqizo engesinye. Ama-anthocyanin-rich extracts asetshenziswa njengombala wokudla wemvelo, enikeza enye indlela yokudayi kokwenziwa. Lezi zinhlaka zemvelo zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa isikhalazo semikhiqizo ebonakalayo efana nama-juices, ama-yogurts, okhilimu we-ayisikhilimu, nezinto ze-confectionery. Isidingo sezithako zemvelo nezobuciko selebuli siqhube ukusetshenziswa kwama-anthocyanins embonini yokudla.

Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa kwabo njengombala wokudla, ama-anthocyanins ahlolisiswa ngezicelo zawo zokwelapha ezingaba khona. Ama-extracts aqukethe amazinga aphezulu ama-anthocyanins afundwa ngeqhaza labo ekwakhiweni kokudla okusebenzayo kanye nezithasiselo zokudla okuhloswe ngazo ukukhuthaza impilo nokuphila kahle. Imboni yezemithi nayo iyaphenya amathuba ama-anthocyanins ekwakhiweni kwezidakamizwa ezintsha zezimo zezempilo ezahlukahlukene.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni yezimonyo ikhombisile intshisekelo kuma-anthocyanins ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo ze-antioxidant kanye ne-anti-inflammatory. Lezi zinhlaka zifakwa kwimikhiqizo ye-skincare ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa ekucindezelweni kwemvelo kanye nokukhuthaza impilo yesikhumba. Imvelaphi yemvelo nemiphumela ezuzisayo yama-anthocyanins ibenze babe nezithako ezikhangayo zokwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo yezimonyo.

Ukugcina
Ama-anthocyanins anemibala yemvelo etholakala emithonjeni ehlukahlukene yezitshalo, enikeza imibala esebenzayo nezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo. I-antioxidant yabo, yokulwa nokuvuvukala, futhi imiphumela engaba khona ye-neuroproture ibenze babe amakhompiyutha aphezulu wokukhuthaza impilo yonke kanye nenhlala-kahle. Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka nokwambula ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwama-anthocyanins, ukuba khona kwazo ekudleni, isiphuzo, imikhiqizo yemithi kanye nemikhiqizo yezimonyo kungenzeka ukuthi yandise, ihlinzeke abathengi ngokuthola izinzuzo eziphawuleka.

Izinkomba:
Yena, J., Giusti, Mm (2010). Ama-Anthocyanins: Ama-Colorants wemvelo anezinto ezenzekela impilo. Ukubuyekezwa konyaka kwesayensi yokudla nobuchwepheshe, 1, 163-187.
Wallace, TC, Giusti, Mm (2015). Ama-anthocyanins. Intuthuko ngokudla okunempilo, 6 (5), 620-622.
I-Pojer, E. Mattivi, F., Johnson, D., Stockley, CS (2013). Icala lokusebenzisa i-anthocyanin ukukhuthaza impilo yabantu: isibuyekezo. Ukubuyekezwa okuphelele kweSayensi yokudla nokuphepha kokudla, 12 (5), 483-508.