Yini i-Anthocyanin?

Imvelo ye-Anthocyanins
I-Anthocyanins ingeyesigaba sezinhlanganisela ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-flavonoid, okuwuhlobo lwe-polyphenol.Ziyimibala encibilikayo emanzini etholakala kuma-vacuoles amaseli ezitshalo.Umbala wama-anthocyanins uyahlukahluka kuye nge-pH yendawo ezungezile, nemibala ebomvu evela ezimeni ezine-acidic nemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezimeni ze-alkaline.Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele senza i-anthocyanins ibaluleke njengezinkomba ze-pH zemvelo.
Ama-anthocyanins akhiwe ngesakhiwo esiwumgogodla esibizwa ngokuthi i-anthocyanidin, exhunywe ku-molecule eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kashukela.Ama-anthocyanidin avamile ahlanganisa i-cyanidin, i-delphinidin, i-pelargonidin, i-peonidin, i-petunidin, ne-malvidin.Lawa ma-anthocyanidin angatholakala ezinhlanganisela ezahlukene kanye nezilinganiso emithonjeni ehlukene yezitshalo, okuholela ezinhlobonhlobo zemibala nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali.

Imithombo ye-Anthocyanins
Ama-anthocyanins asatshalaliswa kabanzi endalweni futhi angatholakala ezithelweni eziningi, imifino nezimbali.Eminye yemithombo ecebe kakhulu ye-anthocyanins ihlanganisa amajikijolo anjengama-blueberries, amajikijolo amnyama, ama-raspberries, nama-strawberries.Ezinye izithelo ezifana nama-cherry, amagilebhisi, nama-plums nazo zinenani elikhulu lama-anthocyanins.Ngaphezu kwezithelo, imifino efana neklabishi elibomvu, u-anyanisi obomvu, nama-eggplant ayimithombo emihle yalezi mibala.
Umbala wezimbali, ikakhulukazi emthunzini obomvu, onsomi, noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uvame ukubangelwa ukuba khona kwama-anthocyanins.Izibonelo zezimbali ezicebile ngama-anthocyanins zihlanganisa ama-roses, ama-pansies, nama-petunias.Ukuhlukahluka kwemithombo yezitshalo equkethe ama-anthocyanins kunikeza amathuba amaningi okufaka lezi zinhlanganisela ekudleni kwabantu.

Izinzuzo Zezempilo Ze-Anthocyanins
Ama-anthocyanins abe yisihloko socwaningo olunzulu ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo zezempilo ezingaba khona.Lezi zinhlanganisela zinezakhiwo ezinamandla ze-antioxidant, ezisiza ukuvikela amaseli emonakalweni we-oxidative obangelwa ama-radicals mahhala.Ingcindezi ye-oxidative ixhunyaniswe nezifo ezahlukahlukene ezingalapheki, okubandakanya umdlavuza, izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-neurodeergenerative.Ngokuqeda ama-radicals mahhala, ama-anthocyanins afaka isandla ekuvimbeleni lezi zifo.
Ngaphezu kwemiphumela yabo ye-antioxidant, i-anthocyanins iboniswe ukuthi inezindawo zokulwa nokuvuvukala.Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kuyisici esivamile esiyisisekelo ezifweni eziningi, futhi ikhono le-anthocyanins lokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kungaba nomthelela omuhle empilweni yonke.Ucwaningo luye lwaphakamisa nokuthi ama-anthocyanins angase asekele impilo yenhliziyo ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi nokunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-anthocyanins ahlotshaniswa nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwengqondo kanye nempilo yobuchopho.Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi lezi zinhlanganisela zingasiza ukuvikela ekuncipheni kwengqondo okuhlobene neminyaka kanye nezifo ze-neurodegenerative ezifana ne-Alzheimer's kanye ne-Parkinson.Imiphumela engaba khona ye-neuroprotective ye-anthocyanins ibenza indawo ethokozisayo yokutadisha ukuze kuvinjelwe futhi kulawuleke ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa.

Izicelo ezingaba khona ze-Anthocyanins
Izinzuzo zezempilo zama-anthocyanins ziholele ekufakweni kwawo emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene yokudla nesiphuzo.Izingcaphuno ezicebile ze-anthocyanin zisetshenziswa njengemibala yokudla yemvelo, enikeza enye indlela yodayi bokwenziwa.Lezi mibala zemvelo zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukukhanga okubonakalayo kwemikhiqizo efana namajusi, iyogathi, ama-ayisikhilimu, nezinto zesinkwa.Isidingo sezithako ezinelebula yemvelo nehlanzekile siqhubekisele phambili ukusetshenziswa kwama-anthocyanins embonini yokudla.

Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwawo njengama-colorants okudla, ama-anthocyanins ayahlolwa ukuze asetshenziswe ekwelapheni okungaba khona.Izingcaphuno eziqukethe amazinga aphezulu e-anthocyanins ziyafundelwa indima yazo ekuthuthukisweni kokudla okusebenzayo kanye nezithako zokudla okuhloswe ngazo ukukhuthaza impilo nokuphila kahle.Imboni yezokwenziwa kwemithi iphenya futhi amandla e-anthocyanins ekwakhiweni kwemithi emisha yezimo zezempilo ezahlukahlukene.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni yezimonyo ibonise isithakazelo kuma-anthocyanins ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-anti-inflammatory.Lezi zinhlanganisela zifakwa emikhiqizweni ye-skincare ukuze zinikeze isivikelo kuma-stresses emvelo kanye nokukhuthaza impilo yesikhumba.Umsuka wemvelo kanye nemiphumela enenzuzo ye-anthocyanins ibenza babe izithako ezikhangayo ekwakhiweni kwemikhiqizo yezimonyo.

Isiphetho
I-Anthocyanins yimibala yemvelo etholakala emithonjeni ehlukahlukene yezitshalo, enikeza imibala egqamile kanye nezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo.I-antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, kanye nemiphumela ye-neuroprotective engaba khona ibenza babe izinhlanganisela ezibalulekile zokuthuthukisa impilo yonke kanye nokuphila kahle.Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka nokuthola ukusetshenziswa okungaba khona kwama-anthocyanins, ukuba khona kwawo ekudleni, esiphuzweni, emikhiqizweni yezemithi, nezimonyo kungenzeka kwande, kunikeze abathengi ukufinyelela ezinzuzweni zalezi zinhlanganisela eziphawulekayo.

Izithenjwa:
Yena, J., Giusti, MM (2010).I-Anthocyanins: Imibala Yemvelo Enezakhiwo Ezikhuthaza Impilo.Ukubuyekezwa Konyaka Kwesayensi Yokudla Nobuchwepheshe, 1, 163-187.
Wallace, TC, Giusti, MM (2015).Anthocyanins.Intuthuko kwezokudla, 6(5), 620-622.
Pojer, E., Mattivi, F., Johnson, D., Stockley, CS (2013).Icala Lokusetshenziswa Kwe-Anthocyanin Ukukhuthaza Impilo Yomuntu: Ukubuyekezwa.Ukubuyekezwa Okuphelele Kwesayensi Yokudla Nokuphepha Kokudla, 12(5), 483-508.